VSIP/formularium

Schrijf hier korte voorbeeldjes neer voor elke taal

Smalltalk

toewijzing :          :=
null:                 nil
niet gelijk aan :     ~~
this                  self

if statement

(cond)
      ifTrue: ['Auditorium: ' display.
               currentAuditorium getName displayNl.]
      ifFalse: ['Not in an Auditorium' displayNl.].

while

[cond] whileTrue: [C1]

room.st

Object
       subclass: #Room
       instanceVariableNames:'name maxpopulation currentPopulation visitors'
       classVariableNames: 
       poolDictionaries: 	
!
!Room class methodsFor: 'construction'!
withName: theName andMaxPopulation: themaxpopulation
       |result|
       result := Room new.
       result withName: theName andMaxPopulation: themaxpopulation.
        ^result
!!
!Room methodsFor: 'Initialization'!
withName: theName andMaxPopulation: themaxpopulation
       name := theName.
       maxpopulation := themaxpopulation.
       currentPopulation := 0.
       visitors := Array new: maxpopulation.
!!

auditorium.st

Room
       subclass: #Auditorium
       instanceVariableNames:'resources'
       classVariableNames: 
       poolDictionaries: 	
!
!Auditorium class methodsFor: 'construction'!
withName: theName andMaxPopulation: themaxpopulation
       |result|
       result:= self new.
       result withName: theName andMaxPopulation: themaxpopulation.
       ^result
!!

main.st

FileStream fileIn: 'room.st'!
FileStream fileIn: 'auditorium.st'!
Smalltalk at: #a1 put: (Auditorium withName: '200A' andMaxPopulation: 5)!

Eiffel

toewijzing :          :=
niet gelijk aan :     \=
null:                 Void  
string:               STRING
int:                  INTEGER     
this:                 Current  
return value:         Result

if cond then C1 else C2 end

class
  NEWCLASS                            -- de naam van je klasse
creation
  constructormethod                   -- constructoren aanduiden
feature{}                             -- globale variabelen      
  name:STRING
feature{}                             -- private other: feature{ANY}, feature{NAMECLASS1,NAMECLASS2}
  constructormethod(newname: like name) is       
  do                                  -- start method
     name :=  newname                 -- do stuff
  end                                 -- end constructor
feature{ANY}    
   get_name :STRING is                 -- get_name method (NAMING CONVENTIONS: get_name)
      do                               --start method
           Result := name              --return name
      end                              --end method    
invariant
   valid_name : not Current.name.is_equal("")
end                                   -- end class NEWCLASS

overerving voorbeeld

class
       AUDITORIUM
inherit
       ROOM	
            rename build as build_room end  -- redefine parent method
creation
        build
feature{}
        build(n: like name; p: INTEGER) is -- (arg :like var) or (arg : TYPE) 
        do
               build_room(n, p) -- constructor parent classe aanroepe		
       end
end

C#

The Basics

NOOT C# is, tenzij expliciet vermeld, identiek aan Java qua syntax

Main method

static void Main(string[] args) { ... }

Preprocessor

#if, #elif, #else. #endif
#define, #undef

Access control

• Classes: public, internal (assembly; default)
• Class members/structured types: public, internal, private (default), protected, protected internal

Variable number of parameters

public void myMethod(string a, params int[] a) { ... }

Foreach

MoneyAmount[] amounts = ...;
foreach (MoneyAmount thisAmount in amounts)
 thisAmount. ...

Enumerations

enum Day : int { Monday, ..., Friday = 5, ... };

Operators

public static MyType operator+(MyType l, MyType r) { ... return resultMyType; }

Casting

• Square sq = (Square)rect;
• if (box is int) a = 5 * ((int)box);
• Square sq = rect as Square;

Properties

• Getter/setter BEIDE publiek:

public string Foo { get; set; }

• Alternatief (cfr. Java)

private string foo;
public string Foo {
  get { return foo; }
  set { foo = value; } }

Indexers

class A {
 int[,] myInts = int[8,8];
 A this[int row, int col] get { return myInts[row, col]; } set { myInts[row, col] = value; } }
class B {
 void Bla(A myA, int row, int col) { return myA[row, col]; } }

Constructor

• readonly var initialization only within constructor

public class/struct Location {
 int x, int y;
 readonly string name;
 public Location(int x, int y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; name = "Sven"; }
 public Location(int x) : this(x, 0) {} }

Destructor

public class Location { ~Location() { ... } }

Inheritance

Interfaces

interface IMyInterface { void MyMethod(int a); }
class MyDefaultImpl : IComparable, IMyInterface { public void MyMethod(int a) { ... } ... }

Abstract

abstract public class A {
	abstract public int MethodA(); 
	public int MetodB() { ... } }
public class B : A {
	override public int MethodA() { ... } }

Sealed

public class A {
    public int MethodA() { ... } }
public class B : A {
    public sealed override int MethodA() { ... } }
public sealed class C : B { }

Extension Inheritance

public class Rectangle  {
	public Rectangle(int width, int height) { ... }
	public Foo(int a) { ... } }
public class PositionedRectangle : Rectangle {
	public PositionedRectangle(int x, int y, int width, int height) : base(width, height) { ... }
	new public Foo(int a) { ... }
	public Foo(string a) { ... } }

Specialization Inheritance

• virtual methods: dynamic methods

public class Rectangle {
		public double Surface { ... }
		virtual public double Perimeter { ... } }
public class Square : Rectangle {
		new public double Surface { ... }
		override public double Perimeter { ... } }